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KMID : 0613820220320060468
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Journal of Life Science
2022 Volume.32 No. 6 p.468 ~ p.475
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Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Bone Marrow Microenvironment: Current and Emerging Concepts
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Lee Won-Jong
Park Seong-Hyun
Park Jun-Hee
Oh Seong-Hwan
Lee Dong-Jun
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Abstract
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The functional distinction between stem and progenitor cells is well established in several tissues, particularly in the blood. There, hematopoietic stem cells preserve their self-renewal potential and reconstitution ability in the bone marrow niche. Bone marrow represents a unique setting in which to examine how stroma influences tissue function. It was the setting in which the experimental definition of a niche was first provided in mammalian stem cell biology and where clear evidence for non-cell-autonomous oncogenesis was first defined. The relationship between bone and blood is ancient as all animals since the divergence of fish that have bones and blood, make blood in their bones. This long coevolution engendered complex interrelationships, including the first proposed and first experimentally defined niche for stem cells in mammals. Multiple bone marrow stromal cell types serve as regulators of hematopoiesis, and the dysfunction of some causes myelodysplasia and leukemia. However, no comprehensive atlas of stromal subpopulations exists. Therefore, we think these data point to something of importance, such as how the needs and challenges of the organism become translated down to distinct cell types that critically govern specific functions within tissues and do so at the level of a single molecule. We think this will be of broad interest to those focusing on systems biology and the physiology of organisms, particularly those seeking a molecular basis for understanding cell and tissue behavior. We summarized the current and emerging concepts of hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow niche.
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KEYWORD
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Blood cancer, bone marrow microenvironment, hematological malignancy, hematopoietic progenitor cells, hematopoietic stem cells
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